Common Threads in all Minutes
The first meeting of Mississippi Lodge was held at 9:00 o'clock p.m. This custom continued throughout many of the meetings (some of which began at 8:30 p.m). This may indicate that many of the members were farmers, whose daily duties kept them working late in the day, although one has to question why the membership would in that case be agreeable to late meetings if the same members were required to rise early in the morning to attend to farm chores. The alternative explanation is that the members were "men of leisure" who rose late from the comforts of both their table and bed. Many of the meetings are reported to have "Closed in Harmony" as late as 10:50 p.m.Present day meetings of Mississippi Lodge are held on the third Thursday of each month. There is one indication in the Minutes of December 28, 1885 that the Regular Meetings were held on Fridays, because it is reported "...as the next regular meeting falls on New Year's day an Emergent Meeting will be held on Friday 8th Jany, 1886 instead", which is of course a day exactly seven days after January 1, and must therefore have also been a Friday. See also the meeting of Friday, April 2, 1886 (which was described as a "Regular Meeting"). Even as late as 1957, regular monthly meetings were still advertized on the notice as being "First Friday". The early "regular" communications of the Lodge were, however, not confined to monthly gatherings. In fact, it was not uncommon to have three or more meetings in a month, in addition to any "emergent" meetings which may have been held. What it was that distinguished a "regular" meeting from an "emergent" meeting appears to have been one of degree of urgency. If the meeting involved routine administrative matters or ritual work, it was "regular"; if it involved other matters, or matters which required some immediate attention, the meeting was "emergent". In any event, the frequency of the regular meetings points to a great degree of dedication and involvement in the Lodge by the early members. There are, of course, even to this day certain Masons who are known to attend various Masonic meetings almost every day of the week, but seldom (if indeed ever) are those meetings all held by the same Lodge. The other matter of some distinction from present day Lodges is that the early meetings of Mississippi Lodge continued throughout the year without interruption.
On January 5, 1961 "Some discussion ensued regarding the night of our regular meetings. It was moved by Bro. C. H. Osborne, 2nd by Secretary, a committee be appointed to investigate the possibility of requesting a change. The W. M. appointed Bro. J. R. Cameron and V. W. Bro. S. H. Morton, W. Bro. J. L. Joss and asked the committee to report at the next meeting". At the next meeting on February 2, 1961, "Bro. J. R. Cameron reported that the committee appointed to study the proposed change (re: the night of regular meetings) favoured the first Thursday of each month. Bro. Cameron therefore gave notice of motion that at the next regular meeting he would move, or cause to have moved, that the regular meetings of Mississippi Lodge be held on the first Thursday of each month except July and August". Coincidentally, at the same meeting V. Wor. Bro. S. H. Morton gave notice of a motion to increase the fee for initiation to $60 (from $50), which would include candidate's Bible, constitution and Apron. At the next meeting of March 2, 1962, "W. Bro. J. C. Smithson moved an amendment that the night of meeting be changed to the third Thursday of each month". As this amendment would require notice of motion, it was held over to the April meeting for action, at which time it was carried.
The Secretary of the Lodge, when recording the customary Minutes, would frequently indicate the Christian religious festival associated with the particular date of the Meeting. For example, the Meeting of June 24, 1862 is further described as the "Festival of St. John the Baptist" (note however that an amendment to the By- laws was made on November 6, 1959 to delete the reference to the Festival of St. John the Baptist, and replace it with "the regular meeting in June"; this of course points to the modern trend to avoid particular religious reference). The reference to the "Bible" in certain other Minutes further points to the Christian orientation of the Lodge, a tradition which has continued to this day, though less obviously in the "city" Lodges than the "country" Lodges. The Lodge ritual does, of course, only refer to the "Volume of the Sacred Law", which is broad enough to cover the liturgical foundation of any number of religions. However, apart from the use of these more generic terms, the Lodge was unquestionably Christian in its preoccupations. One of many examples is that recorded in the Minutes of January 10, 1886, which was an Emergent Meeting "for the purpose of attending Divine Service in St. Andrew's Church".
The date of each of the early Lodge meetings is frequently noted as, for example, "June 21st, A.L. 5872", which signifies "June 21, 1872". An examination of one's Grand Lodge Certificate will reveal a similar style of dating, such as "September 21, A.L. 5978" to signify "September 21, 1978". The millennium remains 5, and the century clock turns as in Anno Domini. The larger millennium does, of course, suggest the antiquity of the Craft, a proposition advanced in the Lodge initiation processes.
In spite of the understandable travel difficulties for the early Lodge members, visitation was not only often, it was constant. The Minutes of almost every meeting began by reciting the names of visiting brethren, most of whom came from nearby areas such as Carleton Place, Pakenham, Renfrew, etc., but many of whom often visited from Ottawa, Kingston and Montreal.
The date of each of the early Lodge meetings is frequently noted as, for example, "June 21st, A.L. 5872", which signifies "June 21, 1872". An examination of one's Grand Lodge Certificate will reveal a similar style of dating, such as "September 21, A.L. 5978" to signify "September 21, 1978". The millennium remains 5, and the century clock turns as in Anno Domini. The larger millennium does, of course, suggest the antiquity of the Craft, a proposition advanced in the Lodge initiation processes.
In spite of the understandable travel difficulties for the early Lodge members, visitation was not only often, it was constant. The Minutes of almost every meeting began by reciting the names of visiting brethren, most of whom came from nearby areas such as Carleton Place, Pakenham, Renfrew, etc., but many of whom often visited from Ottawa, Kingston and Montreal.
Especially in the early period of the Lodge, balloting for candidates was a frequent undertaking. It is interesting to note that the vernacular employed for a favourable vote was "a Ballot found to be clean".
At many of the Meetings, the Lodge was opened and closed in the three Degrees; and, it was not uncommon to have a "calling off" and then "resume labour".
There is an unusual hiatus in the Minutes between September 5, 1862 and December 5, 1862, after which the next recorded Meeting is January 2, 1863.
The May 29, 1863 Meeting (not unlike today's Lodge) records that this was the regular meeting for the election of Officers for the ensuing Masonic year (installation to follow on June 24), although many subsequent meetings indicate that the election of new officers followed the calendar year.
On February 23, 1866, the Secretary was authorized to notify the Brethren that at the next Meeting there would be a Lodge of Instruction. The educational pursuits in Mississippi Lodge began early in its history, which suggests that the foundation of such common undertakings in all Lodges was something that began long before the local Lodges were even established. Such undertakings point to the wealth of custom which Canadian Lodges in general, and Mississippi Lodge in particular, have inherited from the Grand Lodge of England.
The language of the Lodge has not changed much over the past 133 years. As the traditions of reporting were passed from one Secretary to another, so too much the same language continued to be used. Founded upon the ritualistic language of "The Work", the language of record-keeping in the Lodge Minute Books is much the same. This characteristic has naturally contributed to a uniformity of language from the very beginning of the Lodge to the present day. For example, consider this brief passage from a meeting held August 30, 1872, and note how very much the words are the same as used today:
Bro. Raines was examined in open Lodge, and was found to have made such proficiency in Masonry as entitled him to be passed to the degree of Fellow Craft.
When the Secretary wished to record that a certain chair was being filled by a person other than the elected or appointed official, the expression "Protem" was added after the name and acting rank of the individual. The expression is commonly seen as "Pro Tem", being a contraction of the Latin term "Pro Tempore", meaning temporarily or for the time being. The following of customary language within the Lodge, whether verbal or written, is of course quite usual and expected. (Note however that certain literary customs have changed over the years; for example, in the minutes of June 25, 1873, the Secretary recorded that "the Lodge was reduced to the first degree" rather than closed; and, that the Lodge "closed in harmony at low 12", meaning midnight.) But the role of the Secretary in particular when reading the Minutes was (and still is) significant in setting the tone of the Lodge from its first opening at each meeting, and in conditioning the junior members of the Lodge to the flow of discourse which eventually becomes second nature to the seasoned Mason. Many Secretaries of Mississippi Lodge have stayed on for years, and their habits of language have undoubtedly influenced subsequent scribes. The decision by the successions of Secretaries to follow customary language is almost certainly a deferral to tradition rather than any lack of ingenuity or imagination, even where some of the language is, by current standards, somewhat archaic if not in fact incomprehensible in certain cases. The Secretary's personal influence through the Minutes was always sustained by the predictable and unchanged language of the Work, which indirectly cultivated a degree of eloquence. Some Secretaries were clearly more detailed than others in their recording of events within the Lodge. It is also suggested that sometimes the Minutes lacked certain particularity in order to avoid any embarrassment which might otherwise arise, particularly in a rural environment where even today it is not at all uncommon for many people to be related to one another.
At many of the Meetings, the Lodge was opened and closed in the three Degrees; and, it was not uncommon to have a "calling off" and then "resume labour".
There is an unusual hiatus in the Minutes between September 5, 1862 and December 5, 1862, after which the next recorded Meeting is January 2, 1863.
The May 29, 1863 Meeting (not unlike today's Lodge) records that this was the regular meeting for the election of Officers for the ensuing Masonic year (installation to follow on June 24), although many subsequent meetings indicate that the election of new officers followed the calendar year.
On February 23, 1866, the Secretary was authorized to notify the Brethren that at the next Meeting there would be a Lodge of Instruction. The educational pursuits in Mississippi Lodge began early in its history, which suggests that the foundation of such common undertakings in all Lodges was something that began long before the local Lodges were even established. Such undertakings point to the wealth of custom which Canadian Lodges in general, and Mississippi Lodge in particular, have inherited from the Grand Lodge of England.
The language of the Lodge has not changed much over the past 133 years. As the traditions of reporting were passed from one Secretary to another, so too much the same language continued to be used. Founded upon the ritualistic language of "The Work", the language of record-keeping in the Lodge Minute Books is much the same. This characteristic has naturally contributed to a uniformity of language from the very beginning of the Lodge to the present day. For example, consider this brief passage from a meeting held August 30, 1872, and note how very much the words are the same as used today:
Bro. Raines was examined in open Lodge, and was found to have made such proficiency in Masonry as entitled him to be passed to the degree of Fellow Craft.
When the Secretary wished to record that a certain chair was being filled by a person other than the elected or appointed official, the expression "Protem" was added after the name and acting rank of the individual. The expression is commonly seen as "Pro Tem", being a contraction of the Latin term "Pro Tempore", meaning temporarily or for the time being. The following of customary language within the Lodge, whether verbal or written, is of course quite usual and expected. (Note however that certain literary customs have changed over the years; for example, in the minutes of June 25, 1873, the Secretary recorded that "the Lodge was reduced to the first degree" rather than closed; and, that the Lodge "closed in harmony at low 12", meaning midnight.) But the role of the Secretary in particular when reading the Minutes was (and still is) significant in setting the tone of the Lodge from its first opening at each meeting, and in conditioning the junior members of the Lodge to the flow of discourse which eventually becomes second nature to the seasoned Mason. Many Secretaries of Mississippi Lodge have stayed on for years, and their habits of language have undoubtedly influenced subsequent scribes. The decision by the successions of Secretaries to follow customary language is almost certainly a deferral to tradition rather than any lack of ingenuity or imagination, even where some of the language is, by current standards, somewhat archaic if not in fact incomprehensible in certain cases. The Secretary's personal influence through the Minutes was always sustained by the predictable and unchanged language of the Work, which indirectly cultivated a degree of eloquence. Some Secretaries were clearly more detailed than others in their recording of events within the Lodge. It is also suggested that sometimes the Minutes lacked certain particularity in order to avoid any embarrassment which might otherwise arise, particularly in a rural environment where even today it is not at all uncommon for many people to be related to one another.
One desirable historical feature of the ancient Minutes of the Lodge is that the Secretary listed the names of the Members present, rather than merely referring to the Tyler's Register. In the early records, the number of Members present was frequently little more than eight with a few extra visitors. More likely than not, the Secretary fulfilled the current duty of the Tyler, who is now obliged to ensure the registration of each Member before entering the Lodge. Beginning June 24, 1868, however, the Secretary stopped recording the names of the Brethren present, only to resume the habit commencing December 27, 1869. This pattern (of recording the names of brethren in attendance) continued right up until May 16, 1974, when V. Wor. Bro. S. H. Morton (who had acted as Secretary for the previous 27 years and more) began truncating the practice by simply mentioning the name of the ruling Master in the Chair and then adding "Names of brethren present may be found in Tyler's register".
While the year 1867 now has particular significance for Canadians, back in the year 1867 the Members of Mississippi Lodge were more preoccupied with the celebration of St. John's Day on June 24th than Dominion Day on July 1st. On December 16, 1867 plans were already under way to celebrate the Festival of St. John by a Ball; and a committee was appointed to make the necessary arrangements and to report at the next meeting, which the Master then established to be an Emergent Meeting to be held on December 16, 1867. The particular day designated for St. John's Day in this case was December 27th. At that Emergent Meeting on December 16, 1867, the following appears:
While the year 1867 now has particular significance for Canadians, back in the year 1867 the Members of Mississippi Lodge were more preoccupied with the celebration of St. John's Day on June 24th than Dominion Day on July 1st. On December 16, 1867 plans were already under way to celebrate the Festival of St. John by a Ball; and a committee was appointed to make the necessary arrangements and to report at the next meeting, which the Master then established to be an Emergent Meeting to be held on December 16, 1867. The particular day designated for St. John's Day in this case was December 27th. At that Emergent Meeting on December 16, 1867, the following appears:
It was moved by Bro. R. Watson seconded by Bro. Wilson that the Ball go on, and that the deficiency of proceeds in covering expenditures of any be made up by members attending the Ball.
It was moved by Bro. John Wilson seconded by Bro. J. J. Northrup that the Ball be given at Messrs. Patterson and Wright's Hotel.
Moved by Bro. Wm. McDiarmid seconded by Bro. Peter McDougall that the Ball be given at the Almonte House; lost, original motion carried.
It was moved by W. M. John Menzies seconded by Bro. Peter McDougall that the committee be instructed to engage a Band for less expense than Olds Band, and if one cannot be procured to postpone the Ball. Carried.
It was moved by Bro. R. Watson seconded by Bro. J. K. Cole that Messrs. Northgraves & Templeman do the printing. Carried.
Moved in amendment by W. M. Bro. Dugald McEwen seconded by Bro. J. Bond and adopted that any deficiency be made up by an equal Tax on all members of the Lodge.
It was moved by Bro. Peter McDougall seconded by Bro. Wm. McDiarmid and adopted that we have wives at the supper.It was moved by Bro. John Wilson seconded by Bro. J. J. Northrup that the Ball be given at Messrs. Patterson and Wright's Hotel.
Moved by Bro. Wm. McDiarmid seconded by Bro. Peter McDougall that the Ball be given at the Almonte House; lost, original motion carried.
It was moved by W. M. John Menzies seconded by Bro. Peter McDougall that the committee be instructed to engage a Band for less expense than Olds Band, and if one cannot be procured to postpone the Ball. Carried.
It was moved by Bro. R. Watson seconded by Bro. J. K. Cole that Messrs. Northgraves & Templeman do the printing. Carried.
This report gives an indication of several things:
- . The Master viewed the Ball as an undertaking of the Lodge as a whole, not just those who attended. And failure to attend would not relieve the membership of its equal share of taxation for any deficiency in proceeds (the deficiency being a tradition not lost on many modern gatherings as well).
- . The motion to include wives at the supper may sound somewhat incongruous in view of the present day tradition of hosting a "Ladies Night" annually. There did not, however, appear to have been any objection to, or even discussion of, the motion, so one has to wonder whether the motion was in fact little more than a nicety, representing a custom rather than an issue.
. In 1867 there were at least two hotels in the Town of Almonte; viz., Patterson & Wright's Hotel and the Almonte House. It is quite possible that the Almonte House was located on Bridge Street where the current Almonte Hotel is located. The writer recalls having been told that, during the successful period of the woolen mills, there were at least four hotels in Almonte, the fate of which hotels (like that of the woolen mills) was determined by the advent of synthetic fabrics.
It is noteworthy that the Lodge was officially opened, but then promptly closed (without having conducted any business) on December 27, 1867, the day of the Ball. And lest it appear that the Lodge confined its social gatherings to balls such as these, the minutes of February 7, 1873 refer to the organization of an "Oyster Supper".
On January 3, 1868 there appears a rather cursory mention of a visit from Rt. Wor. Bro. Fetherstone, D.D.G.M. and two other Brethren of Doric Lodge, Ottawa. This hardly compares to the attention paid to such a visit in today's Lodges. The subsequent meeting of February 7, 1868 at least confirms the motion that "the supper given the D.D.G.M. and Wor. Bro. Gemmill of Doric Lodge, Ottawa be paid out of the fund of the Lodge".
Today, we take for granted the availability of many things and services which were not accessible to the Brethren of our historical Lodge. For example, an interesting motion was made in the Minutes of March 27, 1878 that "the funds of the Lodge be invested in the Post Office Savings Bank in the name of W. M. Mostyn and Treasurer". Branch offices for chartered banks were unheard of at that time. In fact, it is quite likely that most of the present chartered banks were not even chartered at that time. Rather, the federal government provided such service as one might expect of the Post Office for savings. It is a lesson to modern day Lodge Secretaries that such innocuous details as interest rates might be of considerable interest one hundred years later!
It was not always mentioned in the early Lodge Minutes, but it is safe to assume that the Brethren were informed of Lodge Meetings through the customary procedure of a Lodge Summons. However, at the meeting of February 7, 1873, it was "Moved by Bro. Flett and seconded by Bro. A Smith and adopted that in addition to the usual Summons, notice be inserted in the local paper calling all meetings." An undertaking such as that would certainly have given the Lodge a more public profile that it might otherwise enjoy.
On July 4, 1873 there is a significant reference to an audit of the books "for the year ending June 24, 1872". This clearly establishes the custom of treating the Masonic year as ending in June (rather than on a calendar year basis). Note also the brief reference in the minutes of June 4, 1909, "It was moved by Bro. J. Porritt seconded by Bro. S. Davis and adopted - That the Lodge be called off for two months". This marks the earliest record of the Lodge shutting down over part of the summer months.
It is noteworthy that the Lodge was officially opened, but then promptly closed (without having conducted any business) on December 27, 1867, the day of the Ball. And lest it appear that the Lodge confined its social gatherings to balls such as these, the minutes of February 7, 1873 refer to the organization of an "Oyster Supper".
On January 3, 1868 there appears a rather cursory mention of a visit from Rt. Wor. Bro. Fetherstone, D.D.G.M. and two other Brethren of Doric Lodge, Ottawa. This hardly compares to the attention paid to such a visit in today's Lodges. The subsequent meeting of February 7, 1868 at least confirms the motion that "the supper given the D.D.G.M. and Wor. Bro. Gemmill of Doric Lodge, Ottawa be paid out of the fund of the Lodge".
Today, we take for granted the availability of many things and services which were not accessible to the Brethren of our historical Lodge. For example, an interesting motion was made in the Minutes of March 27, 1878 that "the funds of the Lodge be invested in the Post Office Savings Bank in the name of W. M. Mostyn and Treasurer". Branch offices for chartered banks were unheard of at that time. In fact, it is quite likely that most of the present chartered banks were not even chartered at that time. Rather, the federal government provided such service as one might expect of the Post Office for savings. It is a lesson to modern day Lodge Secretaries that such innocuous details as interest rates might be of considerable interest one hundred years later!
It was not always mentioned in the early Lodge Minutes, but it is safe to assume that the Brethren were informed of Lodge Meetings through the customary procedure of a Lodge Summons. However, at the meeting of February 7, 1873, it was "Moved by Bro. Flett and seconded by Bro. A Smith and adopted that in addition to the usual Summons, notice be inserted in the local paper calling all meetings." An undertaking such as that would certainly have given the Lodge a more public profile that it might otherwise enjoy.
On July 4, 1873 there is a significant reference to an audit of the books "for the year ending June 24, 1872". This clearly establishes the custom of treating the Masonic year as ending in June (rather than on a calendar year basis). Note also the brief reference in the minutes of June 4, 1909, "It was moved by Bro. J. Porritt seconded by Bro. S. Davis and adopted - That the Lodge be called off for two months". This marks the earliest record of the Lodge shutting down over part of the summer months.
On April 16, 1875, notice was given that there would be a general revision of the By-laws. At the subsequent meeting of May 14, 1875 the W. M. appointed a committee of five to revise and amend the By- laws of the Lodge and to report at the next Regular Communication. On August 13, 1875, "The Committee on the new Bylaws reported that they had drafted up a code of By Laws which they trusted would receive the favourable opinion of the Lodge. The Secretary read the newly drafted Bylaws; and the same were referred to the next Regular Communication for adoption". On November 12, 1875, it was resolved "... that an Emergency Meeting be called for Saturday the 20th inst. by Special Summons for the purpose giving a second reading to the proposed new By Laws". At the meeting of November 20th, the By laws were read a second time. At the meeting of December 10, 1875, they were read a third time and passed. On January 4, 1877 it is reported that the account of W. Templeman for printing and binding 200 By Laws was $35.
The amendment of the Lodge By-laws, while not a frequent or even regular occurrence, did however take place from time to time. As now, the amendment of the By-laws was considered of sufficient gravity to warrant the giving of notice of a motion to amend, as appears from the Minutes of November 2, 1883 wherein it is reported that, "Bro. W. Smith gives notice that he will at the next regular meeting move to amend By-Law No. 13". On February 4, 1898 a committee was appointed "to revise our By Laws in order to meet the now existing circumstances of the lodge", though there is no explanation of the "now existing circumstances".
It was not uncustomary for the local Lodges to contribute to the expenses of the D.D.G.M. For example, in the Minutes of December 7, 1883, a resolution from Fidelity Lodge No. 23 in Ottawa was circulated, wherein that Lodge pledged "itself to contribute their proportion toward the purchase of a suitable Regalia for the D.D.G.M. and asking our co-operation". At the meeting of October 6, 1916 it is reported that an account was received "from the D.D.G.M. for the sum of $3.28 being Lodge's share of D.D.G.M.'s regalia".
In line with the same theme of expense, it is reported in the meeting of December 7, 1883 that the salary of the Secretary was set at $30 per annum.
The acknowledgement of a particular member's service to the Lodge was also a tradition started many years ago, as is evident from this entry on March 21, 1883 regarding the presentation of a Past Master's Jewel:
The amendment of the Lodge By-laws, while not a frequent or even regular occurrence, did however take place from time to time. As now, the amendment of the By-laws was considered of sufficient gravity to warrant the giving of notice of a motion to amend, as appears from the Minutes of November 2, 1883 wherein it is reported that, "Bro. W. Smith gives notice that he will at the next regular meeting move to amend By-Law No. 13". On February 4, 1898 a committee was appointed "to revise our By Laws in order to meet the now existing circumstances of the lodge", though there is no explanation of the "now existing circumstances".
It was not uncustomary for the local Lodges to contribute to the expenses of the D.D.G.M. For example, in the Minutes of December 7, 1883, a resolution from Fidelity Lodge No. 23 in Ottawa was circulated, wherein that Lodge pledged "itself to contribute their proportion toward the purchase of a suitable Regalia for the D.D.G.M. and asking our co-operation". At the meeting of October 6, 1916 it is reported that an account was received "from the D.D.G.M. for the sum of $3.28 being Lodge's share of D.D.G.M.'s regalia".
In line with the same theme of expense, it is reported in the meeting of December 7, 1883 that the salary of the Secretary was set at $30 per annum.
The acknowledgement of a particular member's service to the Lodge was also a tradition started many years ago, as is evident from this entry on March 21, 1883 regarding the presentation of a Past Master's Jewel:
The W. M. desired Wor. Bro Smith to approach the East when in a few well chosen remarks on behalf of Mississippi Lodge he duly presented him with a Past Master's Jewel. Wor. Bro. Smith replied in suitable terms thanking the Brethren for the honor conferred on him, and delivered an eloquent address on the rise, progress and benefits of Masonry.
Of course, all Meetings were characterized then, as they are today, by applications for admission, appointments of Boards of Enquiry regarding the moral character of applicants, initiations, Boards of Trial before progressing in Degree work, etc. The repetition of these course of events took place without divergence from patterns which prevail to this day. However, when one speaks of the "common threads" in Masonry, it is significant to note not only the factual commonalty (such as somewhat old fashioned language, the ritualistic patterns of Initiations, Passing and Raising, the organization of Divine Worship services and festive balls, the visitations of the D.D.G.M., etc.), but also the mere fact of repetitive and organized behaviour and procedure. There is something in mankind that likes routine. We find solace and comfort in the predictability and familiarity of events. From Masonry's skeletal structure of pattern and immutable shapes hangs the long-standing customs and practices of the Craft. When the daily travails of life weigh upon one's shoulders, there is little doubt that retirement to the accustomed habits and usages of Masonry and its fraternity provides the foundation upon which to rebuild and refresh our often frail human resources.
In certain religious circles (viz., Catholic) there was (and to some extent still is) an inclination that Masonry is contrary to the laws of the Church. There is a suggestion that the root of this alleged disfavour had its origin in the persuasion of the Pope, who held that any "religious" body (such as Masonry) which did not acknowledge (preach) that Jesus Christ was the salvation of Man was therefore sacrilegious. While Masonry requires an acknowledgement of the existence of a Supreme Being, there is no further requirement in that regard. Other Christian religions have not aligned with the Catholic Church on this particular point of objection. In fact, the minutes of June 5, 1891 are illustrative of the active involvement of members of the Church in the affairs of the Lodge (the Lodge was organizing a divine service at which the members sought to have one of their own clergy members preach). See also the Minutes of September 27, 1891 for a most extensive list of the Brethren from Mississippi and adjoining Lodges who attended a Divine Service at St. Andrew's Church, Almonte, at which ceremony The Rev. Bro. J. D. McLean delivered an "able and instructive" sermon (for which, coincidentally, it is reported in the following meeting that he was paid the rather handsome sum of fifteen dollars). An equally impressive gathering at a Divine Service was held on Sunday, September 30, 1894, at which the guest speaker (Rev. Bro. L. A. Betts of the G.L.of C.) "delivered an effective, historical and interest (sic) sermon, showing the close connection between freemasonry and the christian Church". This latter service, by the way, was further adorned with the presence of the Church choir and flowers (provided by the ladies) which "tastefully decorated" the Church. At a Divine Service held on Sunday, May 2, 1948 at Bethany United Church in Almonte, Bro. Rev. H. C. Wolfrain concluded his sermon by commenting that "Masonry was a real supplement to the work of the Church, the mother of all good institutions". Interestingly, at the meeting of December 16, 1978, "Bro. Bob Smithson expressed his opinion that some effort should be made to have more social activities involving the Masons and the Knights of Columbus. The W.M. took this opportunity to appoint Bro. Smithson as chairman of a committee to try and arrange things along these lines".
Of course, all Meetings were characterized then, as they are today, by applications for admission, appointments of Boards of Enquiry regarding the moral character of applicants, initiations, Boards of Trial before progressing in Degree work, etc. The repetition of these course of events took place without divergence from patterns which prevail to this day. However, when one speaks of the "common threads" in Masonry, it is significant to note not only the factual commonalty (such as somewhat old fashioned language, the ritualistic patterns of Initiations, Passing and Raising, the organization of Divine Worship services and festive balls, the visitations of the D.D.G.M., etc.), but also the mere fact of repetitive and organized behaviour and procedure. There is something in mankind that likes routine. We find solace and comfort in the predictability and familiarity of events. From Masonry's skeletal structure of pattern and immutable shapes hangs the long-standing customs and practices of the Craft. When the daily travails of life weigh upon one's shoulders, there is little doubt that retirement to the accustomed habits and usages of Masonry and its fraternity provides the foundation upon which to rebuild and refresh our often frail human resources.
In certain religious circles (viz., Catholic) there was (and to some extent still is) an inclination that Masonry is contrary to the laws of the Church. There is a suggestion that the root of this alleged disfavour had its origin in the persuasion of the Pope, who held that any "religious" body (such as Masonry) which did not acknowledge (preach) that Jesus Christ was the salvation of Man was therefore sacrilegious. While Masonry requires an acknowledgement of the existence of a Supreme Being, there is no further requirement in that regard. Other Christian religions have not aligned with the Catholic Church on this particular point of objection. In fact, the minutes of June 5, 1891 are illustrative of the active involvement of members of the Church in the affairs of the Lodge (the Lodge was organizing a divine service at which the members sought to have one of their own clergy members preach). See also the Minutes of September 27, 1891 for a most extensive list of the Brethren from Mississippi and adjoining Lodges who attended a Divine Service at St. Andrew's Church, Almonte, at which ceremony The Rev. Bro. J. D. McLean delivered an "able and instructive" sermon (for which, coincidentally, it is reported in the following meeting that he was paid the rather handsome sum of fifteen dollars). An equally impressive gathering at a Divine Service was held on Sunday, September 30, 1894, at which the guest speaker (Rev. Bro. L. A. Betts of the G.L.of C.) "delivered an effective, historical and interest (sic) sermon, showing the close connection between freemasonry and the christian Church". This latter service, by the way, was further adorned with the presence of the Church choir and flowers (provided by the ladies) which "tastefully decorated" the Church. At a Divine Service held on Sunday, May 2, 1948 at Bethany United Church in Almonte, Bro. Rev. H. C. Wolfrain concluded his sermon by commenting that "Masonry was a real supplement to the work of the Church, the mother of all good institutions". Interestingly, at the meeting of December 16, 1978, "Bro. Bob Smithson expressed his opinion that some effort should be made to have more social activities involving the Masons and the Knights of Columbus. The W.M. took this opportunity to appoint Bro. Smithson as chairman of a committee to try and arrange things along these lines".
For as long as the writer can remember, it has been the accepted custom in the presentation of ritual that the same should be delivered from memory. Of note is a short entry in the Minutes of December 27, 1892, "The W. M. elect was then examined in open Lodge and the charge connected with this part of the installation read (emphasis added)". What the tradition was at that time, or how it may have developed or changed over the years, is not otherwise apparent.
The annual election of officers was not always limited to the three principal officers, junior officers, Secretary, Tyler and Treasurer, but in olden times also included an organist. To this list has been added in modern practice the position of Historian. Of interest is the notation in the minutes of December 27, 1892 that following the installation of the officers for the upcoming year, "The various officers then made short addresses about their appointments". This is a practice which has clearly not survived to the present day, except as it applies to the newly installed Master.
Four candidates were installed at one meeting on January 6, 1893. All were balloted upon at the same meeting. The meeting began at 8:10 p.m. and ended at 11:35 p.m.
As always, it is the custom of the D.D.G.M. to address the Lodge upon the occasion of his annual visit. On February 3, 1893, the Rt. Wor. D.D.G.M. "gave a brief but very instructive address touching on the necessity of Members of the Craft being careful not making too free a use of intoxicating liquors after leaving the Lodge". One can only assume that such an admonishing was prompted by some custom which was or had been taking hold in the District.
The annual election of officers was not always limited to the three principal officers, junior officers, Secretary, Tyler and Treasurer, but in olden times also included an organist. To this list has been added in modern practice the position of Historian. Of interest is the notation in the minutes of December 27, 1892 that following the installation of the officers for the upcoming year, "The various officers then made short addresses about their appointments". This is a practice which has clearly not survived to the present day, except as it applies to the newly installed Master.
Four candidates were installed at one meeting on January 6, 1893. All were balloted upon at the same meeting. The meeting began at 8:10 p.m. and ended at 11:35 p.m.
As always, it is the custom of the D.D.G.M. to address the Lodge upon the occasion of his annual visit. On February 3, 1893, the Rt. Wor. D.D.G.M. "gave a brief but very instructive address touching on the necessity of Members of the Craft being careful not making too free a use of intoxicating liquors after leaving the Lodge". One can only assume that such an admonishing was prompted by some custom which was or had been taking hold in the District.
Apart from special occasions at Mississippi Lodge (such as the end of the Masonic year), members generally enjoy tea or coffee and sandwiches and donuts only following a meeting.
The examination of the historical records provides ample evidence to support the reference made in the General Charge at the end of the Masonic Year to "the annual recurrence of this auspicious solemnity". While we are reminded again and again in the ritual of the long-standing preservation of the customs of our "time honoured institution", one is nonetheless astounded to see the almost clinical repetition of the seasons of Masonry year after year, all of which points not only to the enduring nature of the Craft but also to the continued fertility of its ritual for men "from generation to generation". For an example, see the minutes of December 27, 1893 wherein the ceremony of installation was enacted exactly then as it is today, "according to ancient custom".
The family names of those who are familiar to us begin to appear in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Men such as J. T. Kirkland, Organist (December 27, 1893); Peter Naismith, Candidate for Admission (January 5, 1894); William Gilmour Naismith, Matthew Fred Snedden and Richard N. Kelly, Candidates for Admission (November 18, 1898).
The occupations of most candidates for admission were recited. The meeting of December 2, 1892 contains a reference to the applications for Initiation by a number of gentlemen, whose callings are variously described as "accountant", "miller" and "butcher", all of whom were young (between the ages of 27 and 31 years). Other noted occupations included farmer (by far the most frequent), accounting clerk, baker, wool sorter, bookkeeper, attorney-at-law, stone mason, clergyman, machinist, druggist, weaver, engineer, trainman, mail clerk, oil burner serviceman, butter maker, trainman, telegraph operator, bowling alley proprietor, confectioner, miller, drug clerk, carder, secretary, constable (chief-of-police), barber, musician, knitter, auctioneer, railway station agent, clerk, hotel keeper, knitter, railroad trackman, mechanical engineer, designer, dentist, insurance agent, teacher, labourer, claims agent (C.P.R.), liveryman, confectioner, spinner, machinist, furniture dealer, iron worker, lumberman, stationary engineer, tutor, lumberman, baker, marble dealer, card stripper, publisher, furniture dealer, physician, banker, carder, farmer, electrician, merchant, motor mechanic and even student and medical student. Note the preponderance of applicants from the wool trade. What is also apparent is that most applicants were in their early twenties. Some were in their sixties, but it is equally apparent that the candidates who went on to become regularly involved in the Lodge and its activities, and ended up making a bit of a name for themselves, were those members who started at a young age. This is no doubt a product of having capitalized upon the energy of youth, not to mention the virtual platitude involving old dogs and new tricks.
The examination of the historical records provides ample evidence to support the reference made in the General Charge at the end of the Masonic Year to "the annual recurrence of this auspicious solemnity". While we are reminded again and again in the ritual of the long-standing preservation of the customs of our "time honoured institution", one is nonetheless astounded to see the almost clinical repetition of the seasons of Masonry year after year, all of which points not only to the enduring nature of the Craft but also to the continued fertility of its ritual for men "from generation to generation". For an example, see the minutes of December 27, 1893 wherein the ceremony of installation was enacted exactly then as it is today, "according to ancient custom".
The family names of those who are familiar to us begin to appear in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Men such as J. T. Kirkland, Organist (December 27, 1893); Peter Naismith, Candidate for Admission (January 5, 1894); William Gilmour Naismith, Matthew Fred Snedden and Richard N. Kelly, Candidates for Admission (November 18, 1898).
The occupations of most candidates for admission were recited. The meeting of December 2, 1892 contains a reference to the applications for Initiation by a number of gentlemen, whose callings are variously described as "accountant", "miller" and "butcher", all of whom were young (between the ages of 27 and 31 years). Other noted occupations included farmer (by far the most frequent), accounting clerk, baker, wool sorter, bookkeeper, attorney-at-law, stone mason, clergyman, machinist, druggist, weaver, engineer, trainman, mail clerk, oil burner serviceman, butter maker, trainman, telegraph operator, bowling alley proprietor, confectioner, miller, drug clerk, carder, secretary, constable (chief-of-police), barber, musician, knitter, auctioneer, railway station agent, clerk, hotel keeper, knitter, railroad trackman, mechanical engineer, designer, dentist, insurance agent, teacher, labourer, claims agent (C.P.R.), liveryman, confectioner, spinner, machinist, furniture dealer, iron worker, lumberman, stationary engineer, tutor, lumberman, baker, marble dealer, card stripper, publisher, furniture dealer, physician, banker, carder, farmer, electrician, merchant, motor mechanic and even student and medical student. Note the preponderance of applicants from the wool trade. What is also apparent is that most applicants were in their early twenties. Some were in their sixties, but it is equally apparent that the candidates who went on to become regularly involved in the Lodge and its activities, and ended up making a bit of a name for themselves, were those members who started at a young age. This is no doubt a product of having capitalized upon the energy of youth, not to mention the virtual platitude involving old dogs and new tricks.
On June 5, 1896, it is reported, "Before closing the Lodge the W. M. stated that there would be no Regular Meeting during the hot months or until summoned in the usual manner". Currently, the Lodge does not meet in the months of June, July and August. But it is noteworthy that the next meeting after June 5, 1896 was October 2, 1896, which may indicate that the interpretation of "the hot months" may have been different in 1896.
Assuming that Tuesday, December 29th was the Tuesday following the Sunday, then Sunday ("Installation Day") would have been December 27th. This suggests that the installation of officers was conducted on the same day (December 27) every year for some reason. Of course the other item of note is that (for some period of time at least) the Masonic year coincided with the calendar year, unlike today.
While the old Lodge made a habit of publishing expressions of sympathy for the family of a departed brother, the meeting of January 22, 1897 discloses that the Lodge also published accounts of its installation ceremony:
The ceremony was conducted with a dignity and impressiveness befitting the occasion, and at its conclusion a hearty vote of thanks was given D.D.G.M. Parlow for his visit and the useful services rendered the lodge. Speechmaking by the newly-installed officers followed, and on the lodge being closed an adjournment was made to the restaurant of Mr. Jas. Robb, where the distinguished brother was entertained at a supper got up in Mr. R's. best style. An hour or two were pleasantly spent in going through a short program of toasts and responses, songs, etc., and the brethren of the mystic art repaired homeward at the midnight hour.
Such an account, recorded in The Almonte Gazette, seems quite unusual by today's standards of practice, yet it points to the readiness of the ancient members of the craft to relate to the public the nature of some of the lodge undertakings.
There is an odd reference in the minutes of December 4, 1896:
Moved by W. R. Pollock seconded by W. R. McEwen that in consequence of Installation day falling on Sunday this year, That the installation meeting be held on Tuesday the 29th December, and that all rules regulating such meeting be suspended for that purpose.Assuming that Tuesday, December 29th was the Tuesday following the Sunday, then Sunday ("Installation Day") would have been December 27th. This suggests that the installation of officers was conducted on the same day (December 27) every year for some reason. Of course the other item of note is that (for some period of time at least) the Masonic year coincided with the calendar year, unlike today.
While the old Lodge made a habit of publishing expressions of sympathy for the family of a departed brother, the meeting of January 22, 1897 discloses that the Lodge also published accounts of its installation ceremony:
The ceremony was conducted with a dignity and impressiveness befitting the occasion, and at its conclusion a hearty vote of thanks was given D.D.G.M. Parlow for his visit and the useful services rendered the lodge. Speechmaking by the newly-installed officers followed, and on the lodge being closed an adjournment was made to the restaurant of Mr. Jas. Robb, where the distinguished brother was entertained at a supper got up in Mr. R's. best style. An hour or two were pleasantly spent in going through a short program of toasts and responses, songs, etc., and the brethren of the mystic art repaired homeward at the midnight hour.
Such an account, recorded in The Almonte Gazette, seems quite unusual by today's standards of practice, yet it points to the readiness of the ancient members of the craft to relate to the public the nature of some of the lodge undertakings.
On July 7, 1911 there is a specific motion that "the Lodge call off for the months of Aug and Sept". Until that time, it appeared that the Lodge ran meetings all year. Today, the months of June, July and August are closed for Lodge purposes. It is not clear why the older Lodge closed in September, when no doubt children would be returning to school even then as they do today.
The Secretary of the Lodge, more than any other member of the Lodge, has traditionally been one who has held his office for many years. By way of example, Bro. W. S. Boyd held the post for twenty years. As a fitting tribute to Bro. Boyd upon his retirement, an address was made to him in Lodge, which address was recorded in the local newspaper in conjunction with the announcement of the installation of new officers (June 23, 1922). The address to Bro. Boyd was as follows:
It is with deep regret that the brethren of Mississippi Lodge are compelled to accept your retirement from the important office of Secretary of this Lodge.
In your long and intimate connection in this responsible office you have proven great ability and worth, and only a few of the brethren realize the great sacrifice you have made in so minutely executing the details of your office.
It is unnecessary to recapitulate the very many kind and graceful deeds which bind you to our memories; or the many cordial acts of brotherly love which have marked your pathway since you accepted the office of Secretary.
These acts and deeds live however in the fond recollection of many a heart and are familiar to all with whom you have come in contact during your term of office. They also bear a pleasing conviction that, to say the least, you have striven to do your duty. That you have succeeded in doing it well and acceptably we wish to express our humble evidence in cheerful appreciation of your services as Secretary of Mississippi Lodge, and an honored member of our fraternity.
We beg of you to accept this pipe set as a small token of our appreciation of your services, assuring you that its worth does not lie in the intrinsic value but in the genuine brotherly love and esteem of which it is symbolic. Our earnest prayer is that you may long live to smoke these pipes of peace and enjoy the associations of the brethren of Mississippi Lodge, so that we may all be more firmly knit together in the bonds of brotherly love, Relief and Truth. (Signed) Rt. Wor. Bro. M. R. MacFarlane, D.D.G.M; Wor. Bro. Bert K. Gunn
The Secretary of the Lodge, more than any other member of the Lodge, has traditionally been one who has held his office for many years. By way of example, Bro. W. S. Boyd held the post for twenty years. As a fitting tribute to Bro. Boyd upon his retirement, an address was made to him in Lodge, which address was recorded in the local newspaper in conjunction with the announcement of the installation of new officers (June 23, 1922). The address to Bro. Boyd was as follows:
It is with deep regret that the brethren of Mississippi Lodge are compelled to accept your retirement from the important office of Secretary of this Lodge.
In your long and intimate connection in this responsible office you have proven great ability and worth, and only a few of the brethren realize the great sacrifice you have made in so minutely executing the details of your office.
It is unnecessary to recapitulate the very many kind and graceful deeds which bind you to our memories; or the many cordial acts of brotherly love which have marked your pathway since you accepted the office of Secretary.
These acts and deeds live however in the fond recollection of many a heart and are familiar to all with whom you have come in contact during your term of office. They also bear a pleasing conviction that, to say the least, you have striven to do your duty. That you have succeeded in doing it well and acceptably we wish to express our humble evidence in cheerful appreciation of your services as Secretary of Mississippi Lodge, and an honored member of our fraternity.
We beg of you to accept this pipe set as a small token of our appreciation of your services, assuring you that its worth does not lie in the intrinsic value but in the genuine brotherly love and esteem of which it is symbolic. Our earnest prayer is that you may long live to smoke these pipes of peace and enjoy the associations of the brethren of Mississippi Lodge, so that we may all be more firmly knit together in the bonds of brotherly love, Relief and Truth. (Signed) Rt. Wor. Bro. M. R. MacFarlane, D.D.G.M; Wor. Bro. Bert K. Gunn
Scattered throughout the record of Lodge proceedings are references to those members, or their family, who were in ill or distressed circumstances. Frequently, the news heralded the demise of a member. These reports served to keep the Brethren mindful of the needs of others, supported by the encouragement to visit them. Likewise, the minutes contain constant notations of letters and best wishes from those Brethren who were often far removed from the jurisdiction of this Lodge, but who maintained their communication of interest and good intentions.
Similarly, the minutes contain innumerable exhortations (usually from the East by the visiting D.D.G.M.) to cultivate that which is best in Masonry, not only among ourselves, but with others. As an example, the entry on November 16, 1978: "Rt. Wor. Bro. Ross Thomson gave a very interesting and informative talk to the brethren expressing the opinion that people should know who we are and what we are, stating that as Masons we should at all times strive to practice the true principles of Masonry in all our affairs".
The theme of birth, life and death are evident in more than an allegorical way upon a reading of the Lodge minutes. Reading the minutes from beginning to end over the past 133 years, one is reminded time and again that men come and go. On one day, the Lodge rejoices in the admission of a new member; on another, the Lodge assembles to observe a moment's silence upon his passing. The crest and trough of life are all too clearly apparent. The names of important and distinguished men are eventually little more than memories, parts of the wheel of life.
Every Mason knows it, but it is not once recorded in any of the Minutes, even from the earliest times: That is, the enjoyment of a "social half hour" following the Lodge meeting is not always tea and biscuits. Customarily in today's lodge, the newly installed Master, or the ruling Master at the Christmas Season, will invite the Brethren to his home to enjoy what is sometimes euphemistically referred to as an "oasis of refreshment". Such occasions permit the Brethren to fraternize in less of a "work" environment, and the natural social levity among the members permits them to become more closely and personally associated with one another.
June 12, 1988 marked the first time in the history of the Lodge that the minutes were prepared in typewritten form (and as an even greater indignity - on a computer!). While such a form of communication may not contain the expected charm or antiquity commonly associated with such historical records, it is nonetheless a welcome advent in one sense alone - the handwriting can be read! With the passage of time, the fountain pen ink of most scribes has worn thin and faded; and (with the exception of V. Wor. Bro. Stan Morton, V. Wor. Bro. Delmar Millar and Wor. Bro. Anthony St. Dennis), the penmanship of the Secretaries was not always entirely legible. It is worthy of note that Wor. Bro. Anthony St. Dennis (before succumbing to the modern advantages of the computer) has the distinction of being the only Secretary who wrote in ink of various colours - black, blue, turquoise and even red!
Similarly, the minutes contain innumerable exhortations (usually from the East by the visiting D.D.G.M.) to cultivate that which is best in Masonry, not only among ourselves, but with others. As an example, the entry on November 16, 1978: "Rt. Wor. Bro. Ross Thomson gave a very interesting and informative talk to the brethren expressing the opinion that people should know who we are and what we are, stating that as Masons we should at all times strive to practice the true principles of Masonry in all our affairs".
The theme of birth, life and death are evident in more than an allegorical way upon a reading of the Lodge minutes. Reading the minutes from beginning to end over the past 133 years, one is reminded time and again that men come and go. On one day, the Lodge rejoices in the admission of a new member; on another, the Lodge assembles to observe a moment's silence upon his passing. The crest and trough of life are all too clearly apparent. The names of important and distinguished men are eventually little more than memories, parts of the wheel of life.
Every Mason knows it, but it is not once recorded in any of the Minutes, even from the earliest times: That is, the enjoyment of a "social half hour" following the Lodge meeting is not always tea and biscuits. Customarily in today's lodge, the newly installed Master, or the ruling Master at the Christmas Season, will invite the Brethren to his home to enjoy what is sometimes euphemistically referred to as an "oasis of refreshment". Such occasions permit the Brethren to fraternize in less of a "work" environment, and the natural social levity among the members permits them to become more closely and personally associated with one another.
June 12, 1988 marked the first time in the history of the Lodge that the minutes were prepared in typewritten form (and as an even greater indignity - on a computer!). While such a form of communication may not contain the expected charm or antiquity commonly associated with such historical records, it is nonetheless a welcome advent in one sense alone - the handwriting can be read! With the passage of time, the fountain pen ink of most scribes has worn thin and faded; and (with the exception of V. Wor. Bro. Stan Morton, V. Wor. Bro. Delmar Millar and Wor. Bro. Anthony St. Dennis), the penmanship of the Secretaries was not always entirely legible. It is worthy of note that Wor. Bro. Anthony St. Dennis (before succumbing to the modern advantages of the computer) has the distinction of being the only Secretary who wrote in ink of various colours - black, blue, turquoise and even red!
On December 20, 1990: "Bro. Lyle Cavanagh proved himself in a most clear and comprehensive manner in the third degree". This is, relatively speaking, a most recent custom in the Lodge, and certainly not one which was prevalent (or at least reported) in the early proceedings of the Lodge. However, for the past twenty years, it has (with the encouragement of the ruling Master) become a part of the formal stage of development of newly initiated members in particular. It is perhaps a useful manner in which to keep new members active in the Lodge during their commencement of involvement.
No comments:
Post a Comment